Improvement in tenoninghmachines



l ,S5-taten' Westeraam NAM,

JACOB' BEHEL AND JOHN NELSON, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS.

Leners PamNo. Staudamm February 2, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN TENQNING- NIACHINES The Schedule referred to 1n these L'etters Patent and making part of the same To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that wc, JACOB BEHEL and JOHN NELSON, of the city of Rockford, in the county of Winnebago, and State of Illinois, have invented ce1'- tain new and useful Improvements in Tenoning-Ma chines; and that the followiugis a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a rear elevation of a tenoningmachine, embodying our invention.

Figure 2 represents a rear end elevation of the same. Figure 3 represents the supporting-frame of cutting and coping-heads, with their bearers and adjusting defl vice, cut through its centre, on a perpendicular transverse line to the sectional view.

Figures 4 to 13 inclusive, represent views of parts of same machine, denoted by the same letters of reference as are appliedto the same parts in previous figures.

The. object of our invention is to increase the eili-V ciency of tenoning-machines, by devices in themselves more simple and reliable; and, with 'a view to this end, we have employed the following devices, in the mauner and form as follows.

The irst part of our invention consists in the ein` ployment of intermediate carrying-pulleys, in the con struction.of tenoning-machines, instead of countershafts and pulleys, as commonly used.

The second part of our invention consists iu the employment of but one endless belt, by means of which motion is imparted to the coping-heads from the main driving-shaft of the machine.

The third part of our invention consists in such a construction of the cap in which the stud yon which the larger'intermediate carrying-pulley revolves,'as will permit it to be moved back and forth on its main support, and fastened at any desired place, by means of a set-screw, or other device.

The object of thefourth part of our invention is to raise and lower both cutting and coping-heads, with- 'out changing `their relative distance from each other,

, our invention, in which- A represents the main frame, supported on feet B B, which furnish-support for the bearings of main driving-shaft C, on which is placed the driven pulley D, and also the pulley E, which becomes one of the main driving-pulleys of the machine.

F represents the frame which supports the cutting and coping-head bearers H H, and is bolted fast to the top of the main frame A.

c a are clamp pieces, which, by means of screws,

represented on them, passing through them into the .head bearers H H secure them in position on the .supporting-frame F.

Fig. l() is an edge-wise view of iig. ll, fitted with adjusting screws and tongue, to be applied on the extending ends of H H, at b b b, figs. 3 and 9, and as ,applied at b b, figs. land 2.

Wehave shown but one of these pieces in the drawings, whereas two are required, the other being the reverse of the one represented.

Fig.12 is an end view of `iig. 13. This is also one of a pair, the other being the reverse of the one represented.

These pieces are also fitted with a tongue, to fit into the groove in the last-mentioned pieces, at-g. 11. These pieces are provided with boxes on their eX- tended ends, to supportthe bearings of the copingshafts, and are seen in place at (l (l, figs. 1 and 2, with coping-shafts ff, in place, on which are properly placed the pulleys gl and g, and coping-heads It 7c, on which p,

the coping-knives are to be placed.

These pieces, from their construction, will permit the coping-heads to be raised or lowered, by means of the screw I, and will also permit them to be moved back and forth, by means of the screw k, and held in place by means of suicient screws.

This arrangement is for the purpose of adjusting the coping-heads, so as to work in harmony with the' cutting-heads, as desired.

In dispensing with the counter-shafts and pulleys, as commonly used in tenoningLmachine's, for the purpose of imparting motion to the coping-heads, we have substituted these for the intermediate carrying-pulleys K, L, and M, in gs. l and 2, with proper bearings and supports screvped to the main frame.

These pulleys may be placed at any convenient distance in the rear of the machine, and suflicientl y toward the head thereof to permit'the tenon, when cut of the greatest length, to pass through to the rear of the machine without coming in contact with the parts.

The distance at which these pulleys are placed toward the head of the machine will determine the `locality of the driving-pulleyE, upon the shaft C, as a line at right angles to the shaft G, from the rear-face centre ot' the driving-pulley E, will cut the rear-face centre of the pulley L.

This pulley L is placed in a plane, cutting the rearface centre of the driving-pulley; and the front left oblique-face centre of the lower cope-pulley g, at such a height, that a line drawnl from its top-face centre will cut the face-centre of the cope-pulley g at right angles to its shaft.

TheV pulley K is placed in a plane, cutting the frontface centre'of the driving-pulley E,laud the rear rightoblique-face centre of the upper cope-pulley g2, and at such a height that a line drawn from its top-face centre will cut the face-centre ofthe cope-pulley g2, at right angles to its shaft. This pulley is also placed at'such a distance toward the head of the machine that a line drawn at right angles to the shaft C, from the frontface centre of driving-pulley E, will cut its rear-face centre.

The pulley M is placed to the rear of pulleys K and L, and in a plane, cutting the rear right-oblique-face centre of the cope-pulley g, and the front left-obliqueface centre of the cope-pulley g2. The diameter of this pulley is equal to the. length of an oblique line- -cutting opposite face-centres ofthe pulleys g and g,2v

and asin raising and lowering the cope and cutting heads, the relative distance of the pulleys will be changed, and when so changed to any considerable distance, it willl be necessary to change the position of pulleys g and g2, so as to preserve nearly their original relative distance from each other.

To accomplish this, the pulleys are constructed so as to' permit them to slide lengthwise on their respective shafts, to any desired position, and are provided with set-screws, by means of which they can be secured in any desired or necessary position on their respective shafts.

The pulleys K, L, and M revolve upon studs, secured in suitable caps n n n', igs. 1, 2,- and 4, which are secured, by means of screws or otherwise, to suiicient and suitable frame-works, secured to the main frame of 'the machine, as at m m, Ste., in figs. 1, 2,

and 4.

The axes of these studs are all placed at right angles to |the respective planes in which the pulleys are placed.

In order that we may be able to give to both copes equal velocity and equal power, as well as greatly to increase their power with less tension of b'elt, we have employed but one belt, N, vwhich passes from thefront side ofthe driving-pulley E, figs. 1 and 2, over the pulley K, in' the direction indicated by the arrows, thence around the cope-pulley g2, thence around the pulley M, thence around the cope-pulley g, thence over the pulley L, thence to the rear side 'and around the driving-pulley E, to the place of beginning, in the arrangement of which we are enabled to encompass a much greater portion of the surface of the copepulleys, as'we can bringour belts, after leaving the cope-pulleys, as close together as possible to not come in contact; and that we may be able to keep this belt at any desired tension,`or change its tension at pleasure, without cutting, restitching, &c., we have constructed the bearings of pulley M, in its parts,- so that it can be moved back and forth, as seen in iig. 4, by the position of the pulley M, and its possible position, as represented by the dotted lines. I

To this end the stud on which the .pulley M revolves is secured in the cap n', with its under side grooved to it on to the top of its main support, m, so that it can be .moved lengthwise on it, and be kept parallel there-v to, by means of its grooved under side.

The top of this support, m, is slotted lengthwise, to permit the set-screw o, in cap u', to move with it, and by means of which the pulley M, on its bearing, when moved, can beheld in any required position.

This main support, m, to pulley M, on which it slides, is parallel to the plane of the pulley and its top, on a iine at right angles to the coping-shafts.

As it is necessary` to the complete working of the tenoning-machine that both cutting and coping-heads can be raised and lowered without changing their relative distance from each other, for the. purpose of cutting the tenon in the centre of stu" of different thickness, or for cutting the tenon eccentric on the material to be tenoned, without changing the size of the tenon; also that the relative distance of the cutting and coping-heads may be changed for the purpose of cutting tenon of different sizes- To meet these requirements we have devised and employed the following devices, as seen at figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, detached, and at g. v3, in section, in place.

Fig. 5 is a rod, fitted with a pin passing through it, near its top, below which there is a loose washer. Nearly midway of its length it is iitted'with a fixed collar, below which it is screw-threaded, which works into a female screw in a projection on the upper head-bearer, as at u u, gs. 3 and 9, and seen in place at p, g. 3.

Figs. 6 and 8 are two views of the same' piece, the upper part of which is a tube of the proper size to receive the upper part of iig. 5. The vtop of this tube is fitted with a washer, so that it will not turn on it'.

The lower end of this tube is tted with a xed co1- lar, to which is attached, eccentrically, two rods, so as to leave space suiiiciently large between them to receive the projection u, at figs.l 3 and 9. The lower ends of these rods' are connected together iu such a manner as to admit of their being secured to the lower head-bearer, by screw or otherwise. The washer and pin, at thel top of the rod p, being removed, this tube is slipped on it from the top, and its lower end made fast to the lower head-bearer, and seen in place at r, fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a tube of the proper bore to receive Athe tube at fig. 6, and' is screw-threaded on its outside. The top of this tube is -tted with a collar, projecting suiiciently on one side to support the stud x, which is ittedwith a pin through its base, to receive a wrench, by means of which itcan be turned. In the top of this tube there is a counter-sink sufficient to receive thev washer on the topof tube,'g. 6, and may be to receive the washer on the upper end of the rod, tig. 5. Also, this tube works into a female screw in the top of the frame F. The washer on the top of the tube, iig. 6, being removed, this tube is slipped over it, and turned into its prepared female screw, on the top of the frame, and seen in place, as at t, g. 3. When the washer iitted to the top of the inner tube is put in place, then the washer fitted to the top of the centre rod is put in place, above which, and through the rod, is passed 'the linal pin, which holds all in place, as seen at lr, u.,

p, and t, in fig. 3, and serves to place the wrench on, for turning it, by means of which the upper head can be raisedand lowered at will; and by applying the same wrench on to the stud x, both heads can be raised and lowered, as required.

As tenoning-machines are constructed for various purposes, with but one coping-head, which may be either the upper or lower one, according to the requirements ofthe machine, it will be readily seen that our invention will apply to all such machines, with but slight modifications, and will require but two interme-Y diate or carrying-pulleys.

As the frame A, B, and F, with coping-heads, and most of their mechanisms, is the same substantially as that of various machines now in use, and as we have made no substantial change in the cutting-heads of such machines, nor in the manner of communicat-l ing motion 'to these, nor have ,We made any material change in the tables of such machines, therefore we do not deem 'it necessary to represent these parts in our drawings, as in the` parts of a ccmpletetenon` ing-machine, not represented in our drawings, and notv herein particularly described, our machine is substantially the same as others now in use.

We do not wish to confine ourselves to the precise construction or application, or position of the parts in this, or any other machine to which our invention, or parts of it, may be applied, for these may be varied to suit circumstances, to adapt it to other and similar machines, or as manufacturers of machines may deem expedient, Without departing from our invention, so

` long as the parts, as entities, be retained.

Parts of our invention may be used without others, in different machines, and for different purposes, as, for instance, the adjusting-device, for adjusting the heads, may be used advantageously for other purposes. Also, less carrying-pulleys may be used in machines with but one coping-head, Without changing the mode of operation, and with or without the tension-device.

. Having thus fully described our improvements, andv application thereof,v

We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. The construction and arrangement of carryingpulleys M K L, for transmitting motion 'to the two vertical arbors, driving them in the same direction by means of one belt.

Witnesses W. W. Bonson, Jp. NIDO. 

